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D. W.' HOWARD, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

Letters Pate-m5 No. 70,215, dated October 29, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN RUDDERS.

T0 ALL WI-IOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, D. W. HOWARD, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rudders; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and vu sc the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specifcation,.in which- Figurel is a side view of my improved rudder.

Figure 2 is a horizontal cross-section of the same taken through the linea-x, fig. 1.

Similar Vletters of reference indicate corresponding parts. p

My invention has for its objectA to furnish. an improved rudder, so constructed and arranged that a slight movement of the rudder-post will produce' as much steering power asa much greater movement of the 'rudderpost in a rudder constructed in the ordinary manner ,zand it consists in the rudder, constructed and arranged ns liereinaftermore fully described.` i

A is the rudder-post, which is hung to the stern of the vessel in the ordinary manner. is the rudderblade, the middle part of which is cut away, as shown in iig. 1. C is a vertical bar, the ends of which are attached to the upper and lower parts df the rudder-blade B, or which may form a"solid part of said rudder-blade. D are two wings, hinged to the inner edge 'of the bar C, and whichare of such a size as to ili up the cut-away part of the rudder-blade.

By this construction-the forward part of each of thewings D is free to move inward tillity comes in contact with the inner side of the other wing. But neither of the wings -cnn move outward farther than to be on a straight line parallel with the line of the vcssels keel.

In using the rudder, a slight movement of the rudder-post brings the rudder-blade into such a. position that the pressure of the water will bring one of the wings D into the position shown in red in iig. 2, giving to the rudder as great a steering power as a much farther movement of the rudder-post would give to an ordinary rudder. i l I g Y It should be observed that this improvement can be readily attached to old rudders without its being necessary to make the rudder entirely new, thus greatly diminishing the expense oi' applying the improvement to vessels allreadygin use. The rudder may be made of wood or metal,'as may be desired. The rear part of the rudder-post/A, opposite 'the wings D, may be made round, as shown in the drawings, but I prefer to make it hat or slightly concave, so that the free edges of the wings D may work closer to said post.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The combination of the hinged wings D and vertical bar C with the upper and lower parts of the blade B, and with the post A, substantially in the manner herein shown and described, `end forthe purpose set forth.

` D. W. HOWARD.

Witnesses:

J. M. WELCH, S. B. MeCRAeKEN. 

